鉴定和描述术语图解

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块茎节和芽的地下茎的增粗部分;特化为储藏营养的地下茎。
TuberThe thickened portion of a rhizome bearing nodes and buds; underground stem modified for food storage. 
具窗孔的具窗形的穿孔、开口或透明的区域。表面
FenestrateWith window-like perforations, openings, or translucent areas. 
螺卷状的螺旋状卷曲,如紫草科的某些单侧聚伞花序。花序
HelicoidCoiled like a spiral or helix, as in some one-sided cymose inflorescences in the Boraginaceae. 
有孔的具一个或多个开口或孔。在花粉粒中,这些孔可能仅仅是薄的区域,而不是真正的穿孔。表面
AperturateWith one or more openings or apertures. In pollen grains, these apertures may be only thin spots rather than actual perforations. 
具孔的具孔或穿孔。表面
PerforateWith holes or perforations. 
上位的雄蕊、瓣片和萼片着生于子房上部,子房位置低于其他花部。
EpigynousWith stamens, petals, and sepals attached to the top of the ovary, the ovary inferior to the other floral parts. 
下位的雄蕊、瓣片和萼片着生于子房下部,子房位置高于其他花部。
HypogynousWith stamens, petals, and sepals attached below the ovary, the ovary superior to the other floral parts. 
不同数的花部中不成轮部分的数目不同于(通常少于)成轮部分的数目,如一朵花具有五枚萼片和花瓣,却只有两枚雄蕊。
AnisomerousWith a different number of parts (usually less) than the other floral whorls, as in a flower with five sepals and petals, but only two stamens. 
异基数的各花部组成数目有变化,如一朵花各轮的数目彼此不同。
HeteromerousWith a variable number of parts, as in a flower with a different number of members in each floral whorl. 
 不完全的缺少某个或多个花部结构,如一朵花缺少一轮花部结构(萼片、花瓣、雄蕊或雌蕊)。
IncompleteLacking an expected part or series of parts, as in a flower lacking one of the floral whorls (I.e. sepals, petals, stamens, or pistils). 
 等基数的各花部组成数目相等,如一朵花各轮的数目彼此相等。
IsomerousWith an equal number of parts, as in a flower with an equal number of members in each floral whorl. 
单基数的仅具一个组分,如花轮仅具一枚。
MonomerousWith a single member, as in a floral whorl with only one part. 
 多基数的具多个组成部分,如花轮中具有多个组分。
PolymerousWith many part, as in a floral whorl with many members. 
相等的花部各轮数目相同。
SymmetricSaid of a flower having the same number of parts in each floral whorl. 
冠筒鳞片花冠喉部着生的多个小突隆起或鳞片,如紫草科(Boraginaceae)。
Fornix (pl. fornices)One of a set of small crests or scales in the throat of a corolla, as in many of the Boraginaceae. See illustration for corona. 
 单被的具一轮花被。
ChlamydeousWith a floral whorl. 
花粉由裸子植物的小孢子囊或被子植物的花粉产生的成熟小孢子或正在发育的雄配子体。
PollenThe mature microspore or developing male gametophyte of a seed plant, produced in the microsporangium of a gymnosperm or in the anther of an angiosperm. 
半下位的在下半部分着生,如具托杯的花,托杯与子房的下半部分合生,其它花轮看似由子房的近中部发出。
Half-inferiorAttached below the lower half, as a flower with a hypanthium that is fused to the lower half of the ovary, giving the appearance that the other floral whorls are arising from about the middle of the ovary. 
下位的在下面着生,如着生在其它花轮着生点以下的子房,这些花轮看似由子房顶部发出。
InferiorAttached beneath, as an ovary that is attached beneath the point of attachment of the other floral whorls which appear, therefore, to arise from the top of the ovary. 
雌蕊基花托的伸长或膨大,如紫草科的花。
GynobaseAn elongation or enlargement of the receptacle, as in the flowers of the Boraginaceae. 
胚珠未成熟的种子;种子植物的大孢子囊及其周围的被层。
OvuleAn immature seed; the megasporangium and surrounding integuments of a seed plant. 
上位的在上面着生,如着生在其它花轮着生点以上的子房。
SuperiorAttached above, as an ovary that is attached above the point of attachment of the other floral whorls. 
托杯,被丝托花轴(花托)的杯状延伸部分,常由花萼、花冠和雄蕊群的基部联合而成,通常包围或包裹着雌蕊。果实
HypanthiumA cup-shaped extension of the floral axis usually formed from the union of the basal parts of the calyx, corolla, and androecium, commonly surrounding or enclosing the pistils. 
柑果具坚韧果皮的浆果状肉质果实,如柠檬或柑橘。果实
HesperidiumA fleshy berry-like fruit with a tough rind, as a lemon or orange. 
小坚果小的坚果;某些紫草科、马鞭草科和唇形科植物成熟子房的裂瓣之一。果实
NutletA small nut; one of the lobes or sections of the mature ovary of some members of the Boraginaceae, Verbenaceae, and Labiatae (Lamiaceae). 
梨果由下位复合子房形成的不开裂肉质果实,由围绕果核的变态花筒组成,如苹果。果实
PomeA fleshy, indehiscent fruit derived from an inferior, compound ovary, consisting of a modified floral tube surrounding a core, as in an apple. 
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